| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and the Indian National Congress ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and the Indian National Congress
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy〔(A biographical sketch )〕 ((タミル語:பெரியார்), (カンナダ語: ಪೆರಿಯಾರ್ )) (17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973), also known as Ramaswami, EVR, Thanthai Periyar, or Periyar, was a Dravidian social reformer and politician from India, who founded the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam.〔Thakurta, Paranjoy Guha and Shankar Raghuraman (2004) ''A Time of Coalitions: Divided We Stand'', Sage Publications. New Delhi, p. 230.〕 In 1919 Periyar Ramaswamy joined the Indian National Congress after quitting his business and resigning from public posts. He was the chairman of Erode Municipality and undertook Constructive Programs spreading the use of Khadi, picketing toddy shops, boycotting shops selling foreign cloth, and eradicating untouchability. In 1921, Periyar was imprisoned for picketing toddy shops in Erode. When his wife as well as his sister joined the agitation, it gained momentum, and the administration was forced to come to a compromise. He was again arrested during the Non-Cooperation movement and the Temperance movement. In 1922, Periyar was elected the President of the Madras Presidency Congress Committee during the Tirupur session where he advocated strongly for reservation in government jobs and education. His attempts were defeated in the Congress party due to a strong presence of discrimination and indifference. He later quit the party on those grounds in 1925.
==Gurukulam Incident==
Even before he resigned from membership of the Congress, Periyar was convinced that communalism was deep-rooted in Tamil Nadu and that the forward community members of the Congress showed only lip service for ''backward classes''. When Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920, he suggested that Congressmen should avoid sending their children to schools which were under the supervision of the British rulers. There were also new schools started by individuals and charitable institutions, for the benefit of the children who were not going to Government schools.〔Gopalakrishnan, ''Periyar: Father of the Tamil race'', pp. 14–17.〕
In a place called Cheranmadevi in Tirunelveli district, a residential school, also known as ''Gurukulam'', was started with help from the ''Tamil Nadu Congress''. It was manned by V.V.S. Iyer who was believed to be an ardent Congressman. The ''Tamil Nadu Congress'' was given an annual grant of ten thousand rupees to the school. For the year 1925, half of the grant for the school had already been given by the time Periyar became the secretary. On receipt of complaint, Periyar found that Brahmin children and Non-Brahmin children were given food in separate places. He advised Iyer to treat children alike and not instill communalism into them by putting them into separate groups. Iyer refused to listen to Periyar's advice, upon which the latter refused to release the other half of the grant. Iyer then managed to get the amount from the joint secretary of the Congress, without the knowledge of Periyar. When this came to the attention of Periyar, he addressed public meetings about it and created public awareness of what was happening in ''Gurukulam''. Prominent congressmen like Dr. Varadarajulu Naidu, Thiru V.Ka, S. Ramanathan and others condemned the sectarian attitude of Iyer in running a public institution.〔 When Gandhi's attention was drawn to what was happening in the school, he too did not succeed in the matter. Iyer was reluctant to change his attitude and therefore the school was closed.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and the Indian National Congress」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|